The world population is estimated by 2050 nearing 9 billion and the exploitation of existing conventional construction materials such as wood, concrete and metals will be further stretched to their limit. In order to keep up with this increasing trend in material needs, as well as growing interests in eco-friendly development and the consideration of sustainable material as an alternative in the construction sector. Over traditional building materials like concrete or steel, wood is still widely considered as a sustainable alternative in many engineering applications and to replace wood with alternatives of the same characteristics, cardboard, straw, and bamboo. When processed into composites, products in the form of plywood and engineered timber could be easily replicated. Another advantage of bamboo apart from its remarkable strength is its regeneration rate which completely outclasses timber in that category; in fact, one bamboo species even holds the world record for the fastest growing plant on Earth. Bamboo is an anisotropic material, has considerable strength and rigidity throughout its axial length in contrast to its crosswise direction.
The advantage of bamboo apart its remarkable strength is its regeneration rate which completely outclasses timber in that category; in fact, one bamboo species even holds the world record for fastest growing plant on Earth, i.e., up to 91 cm per day (Guinness World Records 2016). Being an invasive species, bamboo is sustainable and can reach maturity in 3 years compared to wood, which can take several decades in some cases before maturity is attained. Additionally, being also anisotropic, the mechanical properties of bamboo culms correspond to a large extent to that of wood. Investigation by Ghavami (2003) additionally supported the inherent mechanical characteristic of bamboo, namely an impressively high strength to weight ratio coupled with a high specific load bearing capacity. In addition, some of its compelling properties can be further enhanced when utilized as a composite material. the local construction materials.